Insulin Resistance and Triglyceride/HDL Cholesterol ratio: Interrelation with Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery disease

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus and its consequences have been identified as important worldwide health issues. Raised TG/HDL is considered a valid sign of insulin resistance. It increases the risk of CVD by developing insulin resistance and affecting the vessel wall. Detecting elevated TG/HDL ratios and intervening early, before individuals acquire clinical illness, can help mitigate the long-term implications of CVD. Objectives: detection of interrelationships with atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease by insulin resistance and triglyceride/HDL cholesterol ratio. Material and Methods: All subjects of this study were collected between January 2022 and September 2022. The target population of this study was one hundred (50 patients and 50 healthy people) enrolled. The age range of these subjects was 45–65 years. The patient group in the current study included people with type 2 diabetes mellitus without any systemic chronic disease. Patients with diabetic complications, renal and hepatic diseases, cardiovascular complications, T1DM, and rheumatoid arthritis were excluded. The apparently healthy individuals (the control group) have been enrolled in this study. Results: The mean difference in age between the control and patients is statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). This matching helps to eliminate differences in parameters' results, showing a statistically significant difference was observed between T2DM compared to control subjects (p<0.05) in the levels of BMI. While the levels of HbA1c, fasting glucose, serum insulin levels, and HOMA-IR increased significantly (P < 0.001) between type 2 diabetic patients compared with the normal control group, The present study showed a significant increase (p < 0.01) in TC/HDLc, TG/HDLc, and LDLc/HDLc (p < 0.05) when compared to those of the control group. Conclusion: Lipoprotein-based insulin resistance measures are at least as strongly related to clinical atherosclerosis progression as HOMA-IR, eliminating the requirement to measure insulin to assess the impact of insulin resistance. The easily obtained TG/HDL-C ratio may be sufficient.